www.aafp.org/afp/2000/1101/p2053.html
Splenectomy causes a transient leukocytosis [elevated WBC] that lasts for weeks to months.
archsurg.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=212767
Leukocytosis After Posttraumatic Splenectomy - A Physiologic Event or Sign of Sepsis?
Comments:
The phenomenon of temporary leukocytosis following splenectomy has been well known for many decades as a physiologic response to the removal of the spleen.8 Ironically, leukocytosis is also a prominent finding of postoperative sepsis, a common and much feared complication of splenectomy. Therefore, confusion exists as to whether postsplenectomy leukocytosis should be considered a normal finding or a warning sign mandating treatment.
Previous reports have shown a difference in the magnitude and persistence of leukocytosis between patients with and without sepsis after splenectomy. Sekikawa and Shatney3 found that from the 6th to the 10th postoperative day, most patients with sepsis had leukocyte counts greater than 20 × 103/µL vs patients without sepsis with counts less than 17 × 103/µL. Similarly, Rutherford et al10 suggested that a leukocyte count greater than 20 × 103/µL after the 10th postoperative day should initiate a vigorous search for infection. One could argue that the significance of leukocytosis should be determined much earlier than the 10th postoperative day; by then, sepsis is usually overt and the chance for early treatment is lost.
In our study, we tried to determine the earliest postoperative day that a specific WBC predicts the development of sepsis. A WBC greater than 15 × 103/µL at and after the fifth postoperative day emerged as a reliable predictor of sepsis. Our findings are in agreement with those of Horowitz et al,9 who found that following posttraumatic splenectomy, 18 infected patients had a WBC greater than 16 × 103/µL compared with 24 noninfected patients with a WBC less than 16 × 103/µL.
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